Handlebars – Definition, Uses, and Different Types

Handlebars are bars fitted to bicycles, motorcycles, and other vehicles to help riders steer and maintain control. They also provide mounting points for important controls and accessories, depending on the type of vehicle.

On a bicycle, the handlebars help the rider control direction and maintain balance. On a motorcycle, they typically house controls such as the throttle, clutch lever, brake levers, horn, lighting switches, and sometimes rear-view mirrors. Even when a handlebar consists of a single continuous piece, the term handlebars is commonly used.

Handlebars come in different shapes, sizes, and materials to suit different riding styles. Some are designed to provide a comfortable upright position for cruising, while others encourage a forward-leaning posture for sporty riding.

The right handlebars can make a significant difference to comfort, steering response, and overall riding ergonomics. Understanding the main designs and materials can help you choose a suitable option for your motorcycle or bicycle.

Things You Need to Know About Handlebars

When designing handlebars, engineers aim to balance strength, stiffness, flexibility, and weight. The ideal combination depends on the intended vehicle and the demands placed on the handlebars during use.

Common handlebar materials include steel and aluminium alloys. Steel handlebars are often valued for their durability and cost, while aluminium handlebars can offer a useful balance of strength and low weight.

Different aluminium alloys have different mechanical properties. For example, 7075 aluminium is known for its high strength, while alloys such as 7010 and 7050 can offer useful combinations of strength and fracture toughness. However, the performance of a finished handlebar depends on more than the alloy alone. Manufacturing processes, wall thickness, tube shape, heat treatment, and design also affect its strength and flexibility.

Some handlebars are designed to absorb a degree of vibration and flex without compromising control. Others are built to provide a firmer steering feel for performance-oriented riding.

Material selection and proper construction are especially important because handlebars are a critical control component. Riders should use handlebars compatible with their vehicle and replace damaged or significantly bent components rather than attempting unapproved repairs.

Uses of Handlebars

A motorcycle handlebar is a tubular component of the steering system. It allows the rider to direct the front wheel and control the motorcycle while maintaining a comfortable riding position.

Depending on the model, handlebars may provide mounting points for:

• Brake and clutch levers
• Throttle controls
• Horn and lighting switches
• Rear-view mirrors
• Instrument displays
• Navigation devices and other approved accessories

Handlebars also influence how the rider’s upper body is positioned. Their height, width, and reach affect shoulder comfort, wrist angle, steering leverage, and the ability to control the motorcycle.

On bicycles, handlebars perform a similar steering function and may include grips, brake levers, gear shifters, and other accessories. To learn more about personalising cycling equipment, explore our guide to bike bling.

Crossbars on Handlebars

Some off-road motorcycle handlebars include a crossbar that connects the left and right sides of the bar. This crossbar can improve structural support and help the handlebars resist certain bending forces.

Crossbar construction varies according to the handlebar material and design. Steel handlebars may use a welded crossbar, while aluminium handlebars may use a separately clamped crossbar because welding can affect the material’s strength and heat treatment.

Not every handlebar requires a crossbar. Many modern designs use thicker tubing or different shapes to provide the required strength without one.

When selecting replacement handlebars, consider the intended application, clamping dimensions, control mounting areas, and compatibility with the motorcycle.

Swaging and Oversized Handlebars

One way manufacturers can increase handlebar strength is by changing the tube diameter and wall thickness.

Some handlebars use an oversized central section, often around 1⅛ inches in diameter, where the clamps attach. The tubing then tapers toward the grip and control sections, which may use a smaller diameter.

Swaging is a manufacturing process that changes the diameter of a metal tube by forcing or forming it into a particular shape. It can help manufacturers create tapered handlebars with different diameters along their length.

The tube’s wall thickness and shape can also be adjusted to influence strength, weight, and flexibility. However, an oversized handlebar is not automatically stronger or more comfortable than every standard design. The best choice depends on the overall construction, material, and intended use.

Before purchasing replacement bars, check that the diameter matches the motorcycle’s handlebar clamps and that the controls and grips will fit correctly.

Different Types of Motorcycle Handlebars

Motorcycle handlebars are important not only for steering but also for rider comfort and posture. Manufacturers offer several styles to suit different motorcycles, from cruisers and touring bikes to sport bikes and off-road machines.

The right design depends on your riding style, body proportions, motorcycle geometry, and preferences. Riders should also consider the cost of replacing handlebars and any related cables or controls when upgrading their bikes.

Ape Hanger Handlebars

Ape hanger handlebars are tall handlebars commonly associated with choppers and custom cruisers. Some designs rise 12 to 16 inches or more above the mounting area, depending on the model.

Their height creates a distinctive appearance, but it can also change the rider’s arm position considerably. Very tall handlebars may place the hands near or above shoulder level, which can become uncomfortable for some riders during long journeys.

Before installing ape hangers, check the length of the brake lines, clutch cables, throttle cables, and electrical wiring. Incorrectly sized components can restrict steering or interfere with safe operation.

Local laws may also restrict handlebar height, so check the applicable requirements before making major modifications.

Beach Handlebars

Beach handlebars are commonly associated with relaxed cruiser-style motorcycles. Compared with ape hangers, they generally curve backward toward the rider rather than rising dramatically upward.

This shape can provide a more relaxed arm position and help support an upright riding posture. Beach-style handlebars are popular with riders who value comfort and classic cruiser styling over an aggressive forward-leaning position.

As with any handlebar design, the correct width and reach depend on the rider’s physique and motorcycle setup.

Buckhorn Handlebars

Buckhorn handlebars rise from the mounting area and curve backward toward the rider. Their shape is intended to position the hands comfortably without the extreme height associated with some ape hangers.

These handlebars are often found on cruiser-style motorcycles and can provide a relaxed riding position. However, their comfort depends on the amount of rise, pullback, and width, along with the placement of the seat and foot controls.

A well-matched buckhorn handlebar should allow the rider to reach the controls without excessive stretching or awkward wrist angles.

Clip-On Handlebars

Clip-on handlebars attach directly to the motorcycle’s fork tubes or near the upper fork area, depending on the design. They are commonly used on sport bikes because they allow a low, forward-leaning riding position.

This posture can be suitable for performance riding and may help reduce wind resistance at speed. However, clip-ons can put more weight on the rider’s wrists and shoulders, which may become uncomfortable during prolonged city riding or long-distance journeys.

Some clip-on designs allow adjustment, while others have a fixed position. Before making changes, ensure the bars provide adequate steering clearance and do not interfere with the fuel tank, fairing, cables, or controls.

Clubman Handlebars

Clubman handlebars are associated with classic café racer styling. They typically angle downward and backward, encouraging the rider to adopt a low, forward-leaning posture.

This design creates a sporting appearance and is often used on custom motorcycles inspired by older racing machines. However, the crouched position may be less comfortable than upright handlebars, especially during daily commuting or extended journeys.

Riders considering clubman bars should make sure the resulting riding position allows comfortable control of the motorcycle without excessive strain on the wrists, neck, or back.

Cruiser Handlebars

Cruiser handlebars generally feature a relaxed shape with some backward sweep toward the rider. Depending on the style, they can be wide, tall, or gently curved.

Their primary purpose is to provide a comfortable riding position suitable for relaxed road travel. They are commonly found on cruiser motorcycles, where the seat and footpeg arrangement also contribute to the overall posture.

Different cruiser handlebars can produce noticeably different riding experiences. Choose a design that allows you to reach the controls easily and maintain relaxed shoulders and wrists.

How to Choose the Right Handlebars

Choosing handlebars involves more than selecting a style that looks good. The height, width, reach, diameter, and shape can all affect comfort and steering control.

Before purchasing new handlebars, consider the following:

Riding style: Sport riding, off-road use, touring, and relaxed cruising may each require a different handlebar shape.

Comfort: Your hands should reach the grips naturally, without forcing your shoulders upward or your wrists into an uncomfortable angle.

Compatibility: Confirm that the handlebars fit the motorcycle’s clamps and accommodate the existing controls, mirrors, and grips.

Cable and wiring length: Modified handlebars may require different brake lines, clutch cables, throttle cables, or electrical wiring.

Steering clearance: Check that the handlebars can move fully from side to side without contacting the fuel tank, bodywork, or other components.

Safety and legal requirements: Ensure the replacement bars meet applicable requirements and do not compromise the motorcycle’s handling.

A qualified mechanic can help determine whether an upgrade is compatible with your motorcycle and whether additional components are needed.

Handlebars and Other Motorcycle Safety Equipment

Handlebars are only one part of a motorcycle’s control system. Riders should inspect them alongside the brakes, tyres, throttle, and other components that contribute to safe operation.

Check regularly for cracks, bending, loose clamps, corrosion, and unusual movement. After a collision or significant fall, have the handlebars and their mounting components inspected before riding again.

Off-road riders should also use suitable protective equipment to guard against dust, mud, and flying debris. Our guide to dirt bike goggles explains how to choose eye protection that fits securely with a compatible helmet.

When transporting a motorcycle, use suitable tie-down equipment and secure the bike according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Avoid placing excessive pressure on the handlebars or attaching straps in ways that could bend or damage them.

Handlebars should not be heated, welded, drilled, or reshaped unless the manufacturer specifically approves the procedure. Such modifications may weaken the material or damage its heat treatment.

Conclusion

Motorcycle handlebars come in several styles, including ape hangers, beach bars, buckhorn bars, clip-ons, clubman bars, and cruiser handlebars. Each design offers a different combination of appearance, riding posture, and control characteristics.

The right handlebars should match your motorcycle, body proportions, and intended riding style. Comfort, compatibility, cable length, steering clearance, and structural strength are all important considerations when selecting a replacement or upgrade.

Regular inspections can help identify damage before it becomes a serious problem. If your handlebars are bent, cracked, or otherwise compromised, replace them with a suitable component rather than relying on an improvised repair.

Ultimately, well-chosen handlebars can improve riding comfort and control while complementing your motorcycle’s design. Prioritise fit and safety first, then choose the style that best suits your needs.